1. Anthoxanthum aristatum Boiss. (syn.: A. odoratum L. subsp. aristatum (Boiss.) Trab., A. odoratum subsp. puelii (Lecoq et Lamotte) Bonnier et Layens, A. puelii Lecoq et Lamotte) (SW-Eur., Macaronesia) – A locally naturalised alien on dry, sandy soils, primarily as a weed of arable land (especially rye). More rarely also in road verges, ruderal areas and other disturbed habitats. First recorded around 1840 and now more or less widely naturalised in the Kempen. Elsewhere much more rare or absent and probably often ephemeral. See also Conert (1998) for a more detailed account of its naturalisation history in northern Europe.
It is unclear whether Anthoxanthum aristatum is actually increasing or decreasing in Belgium (Verloove 2002, Hoste 2006).
The distinction of native Anthoxanthum odoratum and A. aristatum is sometimes less straightforward than frequently admitted. They usually occupy a different ecological niche (the former chiefly being confined to grasslands) but slender forms of Anthoxanthum odoratum might be very reminiscent of A. aristatum since most distinguishing features overlap. Likewise, Anthoxanthum ovatum Lag., another southern European annual species, seems to intergrade locally with A. aristatum (Pimentel Pereira 2005).
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Selected literature:
Conert H.J. (ed.) (1998) Gustav Hegi Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa. Band I, Teil 3 Poaceae (3.Auflage). Parey Buchverlag, Berlin: XXVII + 898 p.
Hoste I. (2006) Anthoxanthum aristatum. In: Van Landuyt W., Hoste I., Vanhecke L., Van den Bremt P., Vercruysse W. & De Beer D., Atlas van de flora van Vlaanderen en het Brussels gewest. Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek, Nationale Plantentuin van België en Flo.Wer: 144.
Nezadal W. (1984) Anthoxanthum puelii Lecoq & Lamotte eingebürgert auf Sandäckern bei Erlangen. Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 52: 219-222.
Verloove F. (2002) Ingeburgerde plantensoorten in Vlaanderen. Mededeling van het Instituut voor Natuurbehoud n° 20: 227 p.