Sida spinosa L. (syn.: S. alba L.) (trop.) – A locally common but ephemeral alien, probably always associated with grain importation. First seen in 1976 in a cucumber field in Oud-Turnhout (doubtlessly introduced with manure; see also Sotiaux & al. 1981). Since the 1990’s seen each year in abundance near grain (especially soybean) mills in the port areas of Antwerpen and Gent. Rather rarely seen elsewhere and up to present only in Flanders. Usually seen on unloading quays, grain dumps, wasteland, road verges,… More rarely also as an agricultural weed and then sometimes persisting for several years (for instance in Ruiselede). Recently also found as a weed in lily fields in the Netherlands (Holverda & al. 2009, Reijerse & Verrijdt 2010).
Like Sida rhombifolia, it is often seen in abundance but rather rarely flowers in Belgium.
Sida spinosa is a variable species on a global scale and several closely related species are weedy as well. However, the Belgian collections are fairly uniform. A conspicuously narrow-leaved form (var. angustifolia (Lam.) Griseb., syn.: S. angustifolia Lam.) was recently recorded from a lily-field in the Netherlands and might occur in Belgium as well.
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Selected literature
Holverda W., van Moorsel R. & Duistermaat L. (2009) Nieuwe vondsten van zeldzame planten in 2005, 2006 en ten dele 2007. Gorteria 34: 1-40.
Lambinon J. (1991) Adventices grainières et autres plantes intéressantes observées en 1990 au port d’Anvers (Belgique). Dumortiera 49: 1-6.
Reijerse F. & Verrijdt T. (2010) Sida spinosa L., S. rhombifolia L., S. cordifolia L. en Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke adventief op lelievelden. Gorteria 34: 121-136.
Robbrecht E. & Jongepier J.-W. (1986) Floristische waarnemingen in de kanaalzone Gent-Terneuzen (België, Oost-Vlaanderen & Nederland, Zeeuws-Vlaanderen), vooral van 1981 tot 1985. Dumortiera 36: 6-21.
Sotiaux A., Roegiers O. & De Zuttere P. (1981) Un mode curieux d’introduction de phanérogames adventices par les fumures. Dumortiera 19-20: 26-28.
Ugborogho R.E. (1980) The taxonomy of Sida L. (Malvaceae) in Nigeria. I. S. linifolia, S. cordifolia, S. pilosa, S. urens, S. spinosa and S. ovata. Bol. Soc. Brot., Sér. 2 54: 5-40.
Ugborogho R.E. (1980) The taxonomy of Sida L. (Malvaceae) in Nigeria. II. The S. rhombifolia complex. Bol. Soc. Brot., Sér. 2 54: 65-85.
Verloove F. & Vandenberghe C. (1993) Nieuwe en interessante graanadventieven voor de Noordvlaamse en Noordfranse flora, hoofdzakelijk in 1992. Dumortiera 53-54: 35-57.