Leonurus cardiaca subsp. villosus
Leonurus cardiaca subsp. villosus, a long forgotten and probably neglected xenophyte in Belgium
Catalogue of Neophytes in Belgium
Updated Excel Version Modifications in bold (last modified 2 April 2024)
Leonurus cardiaca subsp. villosus, a long forgotten and probably neglected xenophyte in Belgium
Dipsacus is a genus of ca. 15 Old World species, mainly distributed in Eurasia and the Mediterranean region (some in Africa and Asia). All species are more or less alike. However, a few are distinguished by shortly petiolate cauline leaves (not sessile and connate as in most other species) and globose flower heads. These are sometimes segregated as a distinct genus, Virga Hill. (see for instance Štepánek & Holub 1997) but this point of view is not followed by other recent taxonomists nor is it supported by molecular phylogenetic studies.
Bromus section Ceratochloa is a taxonomically complex assemblage of several different closely related taxa, all of New World origin. Especially Bromus carinatus and its relatives are notoriously difficult in terms of identification: some authors tend to accept a single variable species, others are convinced that several species merit species rank.
Petrorhagia (Ser.) Link is an Old World genus with ca. 33 species, ranging from the Canary Islands to Kashmir. One species, Petrorhagia prolifera (L.) P.W. Ball & Heywood, is native in Belgium although it often occurs in highly artificial habitats (by railway tracks, in gravel pits, on coalmine heaps, etc.) where it is most likely introduced. A second species, Petrorhagia saxifraga (L.) Link, has been recorded in Belgium as an ephemeral escape from cultivation.
Return of the aliens in 2011
In the past years the importance of garden escapes (deliberately introduced non-native plants that run wild) has steadily increased in Belgium (see Verloove 2006). "Genuine" aliens (unintentionally introduced non-native plants), on the contrary, have much decreased lately. Wool aliens are no longer seen since the 1970's in Belgium while grain aliens still occur but often in small amounts and confined to a restricted number of localities (mainly in port areas). An obvious explanation for this decline is lacking but one might think of the following: