Grindelia Willd.
Grindelia is a taxonomically complex genus of about 30 species (Mabberley 2008). All are native to the New World and chiefly concentrated in warm-temperate regions. Several species are cultivated as ornamentals in Europe (Cullen 2000, Jäger & al. 2008) but none has been recorded as an escape in Belgium so far.
Literature
Bartoli A. & Tortosa R.D. (1999) Revisión de las especies sudamericanas de Grindelia (Asteraceae, Astereae). Kurtziana 27(2): 327-359.
Bartoli A. & Tortosa R.D. (2003) Architecture of the genus Grindelia (Asteraceae: Astereae). Flora (Germany) 198(2): 106-111.
Cullen J. (2000) Grindelia. In: Cullen J. & al. (eds.), The European Garden Flora, vol. 6. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 565-566.
Glukhov O.Z, Kharkhota G.I. & Nazarenko G.S. (2001) Distribution and teratogenesis of Grindelia squarrosa (Pursch) Dunal in the south-east of Ukraine (in Russian). Ukr. Bot. Zhurn. 58 (1): 64-67.
Jäger E.J., Ebel F., Hanelt P. & Müller G. (eds.) (2008) Rothmaler Band 5. Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Krautige Zier- und Nutzpflanzen. Springer Verlag, Berlin: 880 p.
Kharkhota G.I. (1976) Nove mistseznakhodzhennya Grindelia squarrosa (Pursch) Dunal u Donbasi. (New occurrence of Grindelia squarrosa (Pursch) Dunal in Donbas). Ukr. Bot. Zhurn. 33(5): 545-546.
Mabberley D.J. (2008) Mabberley’s plant-book (3th ed.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: XVIII + 1021 p.
Moore A.J., Bartoli A., Tortosa R.D. & Baldwin B.G. (2012) Phylogeny, biogeography, and chromosome evolution of the amphitropical genus Grindelia (Asteraceae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast sequence data. Taxon 61(1): 211-230.
Nesom G.L. (1990) Studies in the systematics of Mexican and Texan Grindelia (Asteraceae : Astereae). Phytologia 68(4): 303-332.
Protopopova V.V. & Tkachenko V.S. (1979) Istoriya ta prohnoz poshyrennya Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal. (History and prognosis of Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal distribution.) Ukr. Bot. Zhurn. 36(5): 457-461.
Strother J.L. & Wetter M.A. (2006) Grindelia. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (eds.), Flora of North America, vol. 20. Oxford University Press, New York-Oxford: 424-436.