Erythranthe moschata ( Douglas ex Lindl. ) G.L. Nesom (syn.: Mimulus moschatus Douglas ex Lindl. ) (western N-Am.) – A very rare, locally naturalized escape from cultivation. Known since at least 1882 when it was collected in Fraipont on the border of river Vesdre. Subsequently repeatedly confirmed in this area in the intervening decades, for instance in Dolhain, Heusy, Louhout (Pepinster), etc. In the first half of the 20th century perhaps best documented from Verviefontaine (Jalhay), also in this area. Here, Erythranthe moschata occurred at least between 1921 and 1966 and was firmly established (see also van Rompaey & Delvosalle 1978). Not confirmed lately, however, in this area. Furthermore naturalized (often in abundance) at several localities in the surroundings of Stoumont (Moulin du Ruy, vallée du Roannay) since at least 1996. In 2008 also discovered in an abandoned quarry (Carrière Sur les Roches) in Bastogne. Other records in Wallonia are available from Polleur (1944) and Lessines (1943). Occasionally seen in Flanders as well but apparently always ephemeral, for instance in Schoten (1903), Genk (1910), Turnhout (1970), Antwerpen (2005), Beernem and Lichtervelde (both 2015).
Erythranthe moschata is naturalized in damp meadows and by riverlets. In other, artificial habitats (dumps, urban areas, etc.) it always remains casual.
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Selected literature:
Collett R. (1970) The tale of the musk plant. California Hort. Soc. Journ. 31: 13-15.
Garve E. & Weber H.E. (1987) Verbreitung und Soziologie von Mimulus moschatus in Niedersachsen. Tuexenia 7: 113-120.
Nesom G.L. (2012b) Taxonomy of Erythranthe Sect. Mimulosma (Phrymaceae). Phytoneuron 2012-41: 1-36. [available online at: http://www.phytoneuron.net/PhytoN-sectMimulosma.pdf]
Nesom G.L. (2017) Taxonomic review of the Erythranthe moschata complex (Phrymaceae). Phytoneuron 2017-17: 1-29. [available online at: http://www.phytoneuron.net/2017Phytoneuron/17PhytoN-Erythranthewillisii....
Van Rompaey E. & Delvosalle L. (1978) Atlas de la flore belge et luxembourgeoise. Ptéridophytes et Spermatophytes. Commentaires. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Meise: 116 p.
Whittall J.B., Carlson M.L., Beardsley P.M., Meinke R.J. & Liston A. (2006) The Mimulus moschatus alliance (Phrymaceae): molecular and morphological phylogenetics and their conservation implications. Syst. Bot. 31: 380-397.